Profit-per-employee in foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) was VND25.1 million (US$1,570), but only VND8 million (US$500) and VND5.1 million (US$320) in SOEs and private enterprises, respectively.

The survey found that workers in FIEs contribute most efficiently to their employers, based on comparing the number of workers with business productivity. FIEs tend to hire fewer employees and have higher profits.

The efficiency of FIEs in using employees was also measured by salary rates. Each million VND of salary turned VND1.1 million of profits in FIEs, while these ratios were VND0.5 million and 0.3 million in SOEs and private companies, respectively.

Surprisingly, despite higher worker productivity, FIEs did not hire as many highly educated or experienced workers as others, suggesting that effective use of human resources was a key factor in increasing the competitive edge of companies.